Reading Comprehension Exercise 1 Gender
Equity
Write the answers to the following questions.
Q.1) How many students were there in Sana’s
group? Write their names.
Answer:
There were six students in Sana’s group including Sana. Their names were:
Aliya, Ahmad, Sameer, Razia, and Hania.
Q.2) How many famous women of Pakistan are
mentioned in the text? Write their names in order of appearance in the text.
Answer:
Famous women of Pakistan that are mentioned in the text are as follows in
order of appearance in the text:
Mohtarma Fatima Jinnah
Begum Ra’ana Liaquat Ali Khan
Begum Jahan Ara Shahnawaz
Professor Anta Ghulam Ali
Bilquis Bano Edhi
Q.3) How many students shared their dreams at
the end of the presentations? Write their names.
Answer:
Three students shared their dreams at the end of the presentations. Their names
were:
Maryam, Hira, and Daniyal.
Reading
Comprehension Exercise 2
Guess the meanings of these
words and check them with the glossary.
|
opinions |
rehearsed |
renowned |
inspired |
|
access |
contribution |
recognition |
enthusiasm |
|
simultaneously |
philanthropist |
tireless |
|
|
Words |
Guessed Meaning |
Actual Meaning from Glossary |
|
opinions |
beliefs |
thoughts and ideas |
|
Access |
approach |
be within reach for
use |
|
simultaneously |
at the same time |
at the same time |
|
rehearsed |
practise |
to practise privately what
one is going to say or do |
|
contribution |
offering |
time, money, effort
given for a cause |
|
philanthropist |
someone who help
others by spending money |
a person who supports
good causes, especially by giving money |
|
renowned |
famous |
famous |
|
recognition |
acknowledgment |
officially recognizing
somebody’s ability or achievements, often by giving an award |
|
tireless |
determined |
working without
showing ay signs of being tired |
|
inspired |
impressed |
to develop a feeling or
aim in someone for doing something |
|
enthusiasm |
passion |
a strong feeling of
excitement |
Reading
Comprehension Exercise 4
Read the text and complete
the following statements.
I stands for Identity. Here we identify the problem.
D stands for ___________. Here we ____________.
E stands for ___________. Here we ____________.
A stands for ___________. Here we ____________.
L stands for ___________. Here we ____________.
Answer:
I stands forIdentity. Here we identify
the problem.
D stands for Define. Here we define
the problem.
E stands for Explore. Here we explore
as much as we can to solve the problem.
A stands for Action. Here we take
the best possible action to try and solve it.
L stands for Look back. Here we look
back to see whether the problem has been solved or not.
Reading
Comprehension Exercise 6
Find out two things or achievements about each of the following
women. Write the two things/achievements of each of these women.
1. Fatima Jinnah
2. Begum Ra’ana Liaquat Ali Khan
3. Begum Jahan Ara Shahnawaz
4. Professor Anita Ghulam Ali
5. Bilquis Edhi
Answer:
1. Fatima Jinnah
For 28 years, Fatima Jinnah really struggled hard along with her brother
Muhammad Ali Jinnah for the establishment of Pakistan. She was titled as
‘Mother of the Nation’ by the nation for her selfless efforts for the creation
of Pakistan.
2. Begum Ra’ana
Liaquat Ali Khan
Begum Ra’ana was the one who organized the Muslim voluntary service and also
women’s National Guards, comprising of three battalions. She also founded the
All Pakistan Women Association (APWA).
3. Begum Jahan Ara
Shahnawaz
Begum Jahan Ara was the one who represented the Muslim women at the three Round
Table Conferences. She was also the first woman who was honoured to deliver a
speech in London’s Guild Hall.
4. Professor Anita
Ghulam Ali
Professor Anita Ghulam Ali served twice as the Sindh Minister of Education. She
also served as Minister of Culture, Science and Technology and Youth and
Sports. For her sincere and tireless efforts for the promotion of education,
she was awarded the Pride of Performance and Sitara-e-Imtiaz.
5. Bilquis Edhi
After the death of her husband, Abdul Sattar Edhi, she is now the head of
Edhi foundation which is providing nationwide support and care to the public,
including shelter homes and ambulance services. Bilquis Edhi received
Hilal-e-Imtiaz from the Government of Pakistan for her vigorous social work for
the welfare and betterment of the society.
Reading
Comprehension Exercise 7
Read the text and fill in
the following table. First fill in the years of birth and death and then put
the chorological order. Finally, write their main contribution.
|
Name |
Year of birth |
Year of death |
|
Fatima Jinnah |
1893 |
1969 |
|
Bilquis Bano Edhi |
1947 |
2022 |
|
Anita Ghulam |
1934 |
2014 |
|
Begum Jahan Ara Ali Ara Shahnawaz |
1896 |
1979 |
|
Ra’ana Liaquat Ali Khan |
1905 |
1990 |
|
Name |
Chronological Order by Year of Birth |
|
Fatima Jinnah |
1893 |
|
Begum Jahan Ara Shahnawaz |
1896 |
|
Begum Ra’ana Liaquat Ali Khan |
1905 |
|
Professor Anita Ghulam Ali |
1934 |
|
Bilquis Bano Edhi |
1947 |
|
Name |
Chronological Order by Year of Death |
|
Fatima Jinnah |
1969 |
|
Begum Jahan Ara Shahnawaz |
1979 |
|
Begum Ra’ana Liaquat Ali Khan |
1990 |
|
Professor Anita Ghulam Ali |
2014 |
|
Bilquis Bano Edhi |
2022 |
|
Name |
Main Contribution |
|
Fatima Jinnah |
Due to her sincere
efforts, and support the Muslim women of the sub-continent were able to
interview Muhammad Ali Jinnah |
|
Begum Ra’ana Liaquat
Ali Khan |
She arranged meetings of
the Muslim League women with the wife and daughter of Viceroy. She also
organized the Muslim voluntary service and the women’s National guards and
also founded All Pakistan Women Association. |
|
Begum Jahan Ara
Shahnawaz |
She represented the
Muslim women at the three Round Table Conferences held in London. She also
explained to the people of other countries, the need for a separate nation
for the Muslims of India. |
|
Professor Anita Ghulam
Ali |
She was the founding manager
of the Sindh Education Foundation. This foundation played a remarkable role
in promoting quality education in rural areas of Sindh. She also wrote
several articles and books. |
|
Bilquis Bano Edhi |
She is serving the
nation by being a social worker. She is heading Edhi Foundation which is
providing nationwide support and care to the public. |
Reading
Comprehension Exercise 8
Complete the following
statements by giving reasons.
1. Sana was worried because ________________________________.
2. Aliya suggested that they use the IDEAL tool because
_________________________.
3. The Muslim women benefitted from Fatima Jinnah’s support because
_____________________.
4. Begum Ra’ana Liaquat Ali Khan worked as a secretary because
____________________.
5. Begum Jahan Ara could explain Muslims’ point of view to people in many
counties because __________________________.
6. Professor Anita Ghulam Ali was awarded the Pride of Performance and
Sitara-e-Imtiaz because ___________________________.
7. Bilquis Edhi has received the Hilal-e-Imtiaz award because
_____________________________.
8. Maryam said that she wanted to be an educationist because
_____________________________.
9.Daniyal said that he wanted to be like Abdul Sattar Edhi because
_________________________________.
Answer:
1. Sana was worried because she did
not have a computer for gathering information.
2. Aliya suggested that they use the IDEAL tool because it’s a
tool for solving all kinds of problems and for planning too.
3. The Muslim women benefitted from Fatima Jinnah’s support because they were
able to interview Mohammad Ali Jinnah and seek his guidance.
4. Begum Ra’ana Liaquat Ali Khan worked as a secretary because at that
time the Muslim League could not afford the salary of a secretary.
5. Begum Jahan Ara could explain Muslims’ point of view to people in many
counties because she travelled widely.
6. Professor Anita Ghulam Ali was awarded the Pride of Performance and
Sitara-e-Imtiaz because of her tremendous
contribution to the cause of education.
7. Bilquis Edhi has received the Hilal-e-Imtiaz award because of her
tireless efforts for the betterment of the society.
8. Maryam said that she wanted to be an educationist because she
wished to work for the improvement of female education.
9.Daniyal said that he wanted to be like Abdul Sattar Edhi because he would
like to help all human beings in trouble .
Language
Practice Exercise 3
Four words in the following set of five words
are synonyms; one word is different. Circle/Select the word that you think is
different.
|
a) |
friendly |
agreeable |
pleasant |
decent |
amicable |
|
b) |
option |
nice |
choice |
possibility |
alternative |
|
c) |
reasonable |
rude |
impolite |
cheeky |
disrespectful |
|
d) |
severe |
serious |
harsh |
stable |
stern |
|
e) |
huge |
large |
enormous |
mammoth |
many |
|
f) |
rubbish |
garbage |
garden |
trash |
refuse |
|
g) |
polite |
intelligent |
smart |
clever |
bright |
|
h) |
position |
vacancy |
opening |
clean |
post |
|
i) |
mistake |
correct |
error |
inaccuracy |
slip |
|
j) |
disease |
ailment |
wound |
illness |
disorder |
Language
Practice Exercise 4
Select any six groups from the table. Next,
pick two synonyms from each of the selected group and use both these synonyms
in your own sentences.
|
a) |
friendly |
agreeable |
pleasant |
decent |
amicable |
|
b) |
option |
nice |
choice |
possibility |
alternative |
|
c) |
reasonable |
rude |
impolite |
cheeky |
disrespectful |
|
d) |
severe |
serious |
harsh |
stable |
stern |
|
e) |
huge |
large |
enormous |
mammoth |
many |
|
f) |
rubbish |
garbage |
garden |
trash |
refuse |
|
g) |
polite |
intelligent |
smart |
clever |
bright |
|
h) |
position |
vacancy |
opening |
clean |
post |
|
i) |
mistake |
correct |
error |
inaccuracy |
slip |
|
j) |
disease |
ailment |
wound |
illness |
disorder |
Answer:
Selected groups:
a, e, f, g, i, j
Selected Synonyms:
a: friendly, amicable
e: huge, enormous
f: rubbish, garbage
g: intelligent, clever
i: mistake, error
j: disease, illness
|
No. |
Selected synonyms |
Sentence |
|
|
a |
friendly |
amicably |
We had a friendly match
with them. |
|
The couple lived
together amicably for several years. |
|||
|
e |
huge |
enormous |
There was a huge hole
in the road. |
|
My uncle earned enormous sums
of money. |
|||
|
f |
rubbish |
garbage |
They throw rubbish in
the rivers, too. |
|
The smell of the garbage overpowered
me. |
|||
|
g |
intelligent |
clever |
My cousin is a
vey intelligent boy. |
|
He is as clever as
a fox. |
|||
|
i |
mistake |
error |
Anyone can make
a mistake in his life. |
|
There is an error in
your calculation. |
|||
|
j |
disease |
illness |
My friend’s mother
suffered from a deadly disease. |
|
He is confined to bed
by illness. |
|||
Language
Practice Exercise 5
Use ‘since’ or ‘for’ in the blanks.
My father is a remarkable man. He has been working _________ he was 15 years
old. He has been working ________ he was at school. He used to work _______
four hours every day and on weekends. He has now worked in the same factory
______ 25 years. __________ he started working at the factory, he has been
promoted many times. He was initially hired ________ a period of three months
but he has been working there ever ________. He was hired as a peon with the
responsibility of making tea and delivering parcels and documents as required.
He started working ________ Rs. 25/- a day. If he fell ill or if he was absent
he did not get paid ________ that day. But my father was a good and committed
worker. He only took off ________ serious emergencies, like illness and death.
In fact, there were periods when he didn’t take a single holiday ___________
many months at a time. He soon earned the respect of his co-workers and boss,
and _________ then, he has risen higher and higher. He has now worked for
the same factory ________ 25 years. He was offered retirement when he completed
25 years, but he said that he would like to work ________ a few more years. He
hopes he will save enough to start a small manufacturing unit of his own, in a
few years’ time.
Answer:
My father is a remarkable man. He has been working since he
was 15 years old. He has been working since he
was at school. He used to work for four
hours every day and on weekends. He has now worked in the same factory for 25
years. Since he started working at the factory,
he has been promoted many times. He was initially hired for a
period of three months but he has been working there ever since.
He was hired as a peon with the responsibility of making tea and delivering
parcels and documents as required. He started working for Rs.
25/- a day. If he fell ill or if he was absent he did not get paid for that
day. But my father was a good and committed worker. He only took off for serious
emergencies, like illness and death. In fact, there were periods when he didn’t
take a single holiday for many
months at a time. He soon earned the respect of his co-workers and boss,
and since then, he has risen higher and
higher. He has now worked for the same factory for 25
years. He was offered retirement when he completed 25 years, but he said that
he would like to work for a
few more years. He hopes he will save enough to start a small manufacturing
unit of his own, in a few years’ time.
Language
Practice Exercise 6
Write a paragraph explaining what your three
favourite hobbies or free time activities are/were. Use ‘for’ and ‘since’ in
your sentences.
Answer:
Since my childhood, I am interested in
calligraphy. One of the major reasons for my interest in calligraphy is that my
father is an awesome calligrapher, too. I am doing calligraphy for the
last eight years. For the past two
years, I have been taking professional calligraphy classes. I hope I can
continue my this hobby for the
rest of my life as it relaxes me and gives me pleasure too. Apart from
calligraphy, my second hobby that I love to do is reading books. I have been
reading books since I was six
years old. I like to read books both in Urdu and English. Whenever I get some
free time, I still prefer reading books. Last but not least, my third hobby is
gardening. I became passionate for gardening since we
moved to our own home. We have a big garden, where my mother and grandmother
used to grow plants, and vegetables. Now, I am in so much love with my plants
in the garden that I can carry on this activity for my
whole life.
Writing
Exercise 1
Write a narrative essay, imagine you are
reporters for a newspaper. An important event has taken place in your area and
you have to write a report and submit it for publication.
Answer:
On December 23, at 10:30 p.m., it was reported that people of
Gulistan-e-Jouhar, Scheme VI, have heard a loud noise. No one exactly knew what
had happened so all the people came out in the street and quickly rushed
towards the house that was on fire. A huge crowd gathered outside the house and
some of them were shouting ‘Fire! Fire!’.
Rather than waiting for fire brigade or rescue teams to arrive at the spot,
people started extinguishing the fire on self-help basis. The people tried
their best to help those who were trapped in the house by throwing water, sand
and dust. Pails of water and sand were thrown on the fire but all in vain as
the flames were getting higher and higher. The red hot flames were creating a
terrible scene to witness.
After much struggle, people of the area were quite successful in saving three
individuals except a little 4 years old child who was left behind in the house.
Someone told that the life of that child was saved by a young boy who bravely
jumped into the flames without thinking about threat to his own life. People
who were present there, all praised the courageous act of that young boy.
Someone might have called a fire brigade that arrived there after 10 minutes.
The fire fighters valiantly fought with the rising flames. They threw water on
the house through large hose and were able to control the fire after a
long-tiring effort of two and a half hours. The whole house turned into ashes
including the walls and furniture but fortunately there was no loss of life.
When investigation was carried out, it came out that it all happened when the 4
year kid threw few papers in the heater being attached to a cylinder. That
caused the cylinder to burst with a loud bang. Just in few seconds time, the
whole house caught horrible fire. From the incident, we all should learn a
lesson that we should not let little children come near such dangerous,
life-threatening cylinders. People should also avoid using cylinder heaters as
they can cause huge damage to life and property.
Writing
Exercise 3
Write the summary of the passage Helen
Keller.
Answer:
Summary:
Most people are very lucky as they can see all things around them. But some
people cannot see or hear. However, there are also those unfortunate ones who
could once see and hear but are now blind and deaf. Some such people are brave
and they take this as a challenge. One such person was Helen Keller.
In 1880, Helen Keller was born in the United States of America. She was a
perfect baby till the age of two, but later in February 1882, she became sick
and that disease turned her blind and deaf. Her parents became worried, but
never lost heart.
At the age of seven, Helen’s father found a teacher for her, named Miss
Sullivan. Once, she became blind but was fortunate enough to regain her sight.
In order to show her gratitude towards God, she decided to help other blind
people. On Helen’s father request, she agreed to teach her.
Miss Sullivan asked Helen to write water in the sand. By repeating that
activity many times, Helen learnt to spell the word water. That brought a ray
of hope in Helen’s life. The whole process of learning was steady and tough,
but with the help of Miss Sullivan Helen not only learnt about mountains,
rivers, history and geography, but also counting and solving mathematical
calculations.
Helen attended the school for blind children at the age of eight. She knew how
to speak but she forgot that all. Her teacher put extra efforts to let Helen
speak again. After doing several exercises, Helen was able to speak again at
the age of ten.
Helen started reading books with the help of special language books printed for
blind people i.e. Braille. In that system, the words were not printed rather
they were written with raised points, Helen read by touching them. Helen passed
all the examinations without much effort, attended college, and graduated from
the Harvard University. She proved to be a brilliant student, much better than
others.
Helen Keller made a visit to Pakistan in 1956. At the age of seventy six, she
was quite energetic. She came to help other deaf and blind people in Pakistan.
In Karachi, she visited a school for deaf, dumb, and blind. She encouraged them
and said that they should be joyful and must never lose hope. She motivated
them by saying that they can do everything. She also appreciated the volunteers
for their enthusiasm.
Study
Skills Exercise 1
Write an essay about K2 by following the
steps given in the textbook.
Answer:
Pakistan is a country, which has a rich cultural heritage and
natural beauty. Pakistan is a land of beauty with exotic resorts for excursion
and sightseeing. From beautiful green valleys to the snow-covered highest peaks
of the world and four seasons a year, the different regions of Pakistan offer
natural beauty, making it a great traveling destination for the tourists. It is
a land of five major deserts and rivers i.e. Thar desert, Kharan desert,
Katpana desert, Thal desert and Cholistan Desert, five rivers are named as
Indus, Ravi, Jhelum, Chenab, and Sutlej. Gilgit is filled with the wealth of
natural scenery and other places include Parachinar, Dir, Kaghan, Swat, Kalam,
Malamjabba, and lakes, such as Saif-ul-Malook, Lalusar, etc. The K-2 peak is
one of the major attractions for the mountaineers who visit Pakistan almost
every year to climb K-2.
K-2 is located on Pakistan-China border, between Gilgit, in Gilgit-Baltistan
(Pakistan) and the Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous Country of Xinjiang (China). It
enjoys the height of 28,253 feet (8, 612 meters). K-2 lies in the mountain
range of Karakorum. With respect to world ranking, it is the second highest
mountain in the world. Whereas, it is the highest in Pakistan.
K-2 has many different names. It is being named by British surveyor T.G.
Montgomerie, in 1852. The reason for giving this name is that “K” stands for
Karakoram Range and “2” for being the second highest peak in the world. It gets
another famous name Mount Godwin-Austen, after Haversham Godwin-Austen, who was
a British surveyor and explorer. Apart from these two popular names, its local
name is Chogori, driven from Balti words chhogori, which means “large
mountain”. Due to its location on Pakistan-China border, it has its Chinese
name as well i.e. Qogir which means “Great Mountain” with a local name of
Kechu. Just like humans, it too has a nickname i.e. “Savage Mountain” due to
its severe weather and high death rate.
Being the well-known and highest mountain peak of the world, various attempts
have been made by a number of climbers belonging to different countries to
climb K-2. The first ever attempt was being made in 1902, by two British climbers
Aleister Crowley and Oscar Eeckenstein. They were successful in reaching the
height of 18600 feet (5,670 meters). K-2 was first ascended by two Italian
climbers named AchilleCompagnoni and LinoLacedelli, on July 31, 1954. Pakistani
climbers, too have made several attempts to climb K-2. Ashraf Aman was the
first Pakistani climber who reached K-2 on August 9, 1977. Later, on July 26,
2014, first team of Pakistani climbers became successful in reaching the summit
of K-2.
K-2 remains snow-capped almost the whole year. Due to its severe weather
conditions, not a single attempt is ever being made by the climbers in winter
season. Therefore, the best time for climbing K-2 is June, July, or August. It
has been recorded that till 2014, over 335 climbers reached K-2 ‘s summit. 82
have lost their lives during the attempt. Hence, the death rate is 27%.
Pakistan is a blessed nation with K-2 as the highest mountain peak. It is a
great attraction for foreign as well as local climbers. It’s weather condition
is quite severe that takes the lives of many climbers during the attempt. It
has been climbed by many climbers since the first attempt being made in 1902.
It has received many names in different languages and has a nickname as well.
If anyone has a desire to climb K-2 then the best months for climbing are June,
July and August, so one should try to make attempt only in these months.
Study
Skills Exercise 2
Write an essay on Nanga Parbat.
Answer:
Pakistan is one of the beautiful countries of the world. It is blessed with all
the natural beauty and natural resources are available in bulk in the country.
It has snow-capped mountain peaks, sparkling rivers, scorching deserts, radiant
seas and oceans, and freshwater lakes. Every province of the country has its
beauty to cherish such as Northern areas are famous for mountain, forests,
waterfalls and lakes. On the other hand, Punjab is famous for its rivers and
deserts, Sindh for Arabian Sea and Baluchistan for stunning coastline, Gadani
i.e. famous for its ship-breaking industry and Sonmiani, a white sand beach
which has excellent bird-watching facilities. Hence, one cannot deny that
Pakistan is a land enjoying all the natural beauty with four seasons, rich
culture and heritage. It is also famous for its mountain ranges and peaks such
as K-2 and Nanga Parbat. Nanga Parbat is not much explored or climbed beauty of
the country.
Nanga Parbat is located in the Northern areas of Pakistan, between Chillas and
Astore in Diamer. It is 8,126 meters (26, 660 feet) in height. It lies in
Himalayas mountain range. According to world ranking, it is the ninth highest
mountain in the world, and in Pakistan it is the second one after K-2.
Nanga Parbat’s literal meaning is “Naked Mountain.” It, too has local name
Diamer or Deo Mir, that means “Huge Mountain.” Just like K-2, it has a nickname
as well i.e. “Killer Mountain.” It gets this name because 31 people died trying
to climb it before its first ascent.
Various attempts have been made by climbers to climb Nanga Parbat. The first
attempt was made by Albert F. Mummery and team in 1895, reaching almost 6,100
meters (20,000 feet) of Nanga Parbat. It was first ascended by Austrian climber
Hermann Buhl on July 3, 1953. With respect to Pakistani climbers, not a single
name is known who has tried to climb Nanga Parbat till today.
In comparison to K-2, Nanga Parbat is suitable for climbing both in summer and
winter. The first successful attempt made in winter was by Ali Sadpara, Alex
Txikon, and Simone Moro on February 26, 2016. It has been observed and recorded
that till 2012, at least 68 climbers died, with the death rate of 22.3%.
Nanga Parbat being the ninth highest mountain peak is climbed by many climbers
from different countries. It has common name and nickname, too. It was first
ascended by Austrian climber in 1953. It invites climbers in summer as well in
winter. During attempts, 68 people have lost their lives. Both K-2 and Nanga
Parbat are the treasures of Pakistan. Hence, the government should provide
maximum facilities to climbers who wish to climb these highest mountain peaks.
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